Wiki of ZZT - User contributions [en]

Direction modifiers

2023-04-22T00:34:11Z

KKairos: fixed opp cw rndne example

In [[ZZT-OOP]], a direction modifier is a word that prefixes a direction to create a new direction. If you like, you may think of them (in math terms) as relations which take a given "input" direction and produce an "output." They are explained in detail below.

==cw and ccw==
'''cw''' and '''ccw''' are ZZT-OOP direction modifiers which modify the direction clockwise and counter-clockwise, respectively. For example, <code>cw n</code> evaluates to <code>e</code>, but <code>ccw n</code> evaluates to <code>w</code>.

==opp==
'''opp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which evaluates to the exact opposite of the given direction. For example, <code>opp n</code> evaluates to <code>s</code>.

==rndp==
'''rndp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which causes the object to choose a random direction perpendicular to the succeeding direction, rather than simply use the succeeding direction. For example, <code>#go rndp e</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to east, that is, randomly north or south. For more information, see [[Random directions#rndp|rndp]].

==Combining Direction Modifiers==
Multiple direction modifiers can be combined in a single line. Lines written this way will cause the object to treat each modifier as "modifying" the rest of the written direction, so that it is "evaluated" in pairs from right-to-left. As a concrete example, the following combination <code>opp cw n</code> evaluates like this:

<pre>
opp cw n
= opp (cw n)
= opp e
= w
</pre>

And <code>opp cw rndne</code> would evaluate this way:

<pre>
opp cw rndne
= opp (cw (randomly n or e))
= opp (randomly e or s)
= randomly w or n
</pre>

{{ZZT-OOP navbox}}

Wiki:Requested articles

2021-02-23T06:56:28Z

KKairos: idle (direction) now just says idle, indicating it's "filled"

Note that some of these links should probably be the same article: for example, we probably don't need separate articles for NORTH and SOUTH, but we should have redirects to a shared article.

Also, see [[Special:WantedPages]] for an automatically-generated list of linked-to but non-existent pages.

== Categories to add ==
* Colors
* Fake labels (:endgame, :zapped) that are rumored to exist but don't
* Output stuff: Sound? Charsets? Colors?
* World, board, stat
* Special elements/redirects: Player Clone, Dummy, Black Hole
* ZZT itself: versions, Super ZZT
* Cheats
* Locks, especially those integrated with ZZT like the SECRET flag

== ZZT behavior ==
Some of the categorization here is fuzzy (is X a bug or a technique?). You can help by writing the corresponding article, so we can get rid of the offending line on this page. :-)

=== Techniques ===

* [[Kangaroo effect]]
* Using [[Player clone|player clones]] for teleportation
* Using [[Statless player|statless players]] and board [[Edge|edges]] to control teleportation
* [[Colors accessible from ZZT]]
* Detecting [[game speed]]
* Using [[Medusa bug|Medusa bugs]] (transporters, text, etc) to prevent anti-dark cheats
* [[Board illusion]] triggered by crossing to another board and immediately hitting a passage
* Sticking non-[[segment]] entities onto a [[centipede]]
* Using non-unit [[step values]] to, e.g., move diagonally
* [[Stat]] stacking
* Transferring data between worlds by overwriting board edges
* #cycle 0 [[Bomb]]s as pushable text

=== Internals ===

* [[Stat order]]
* [[Tick]]<nowiki/>s modulo 420
* [[32-command limit]]
* [[Pascal string]]<nowiki/>s hold partial previous contents in memory/on disk

=== Bugs and limits ===

*[[Counter]] behavior when [[Give|#giving]] very large numbers (32 bits in size and beyond)
*[[Counter]] display bug: some digits left behind when counter goes from big to small
*[[Label]] behavior with numerals
*[[Restore|#restore]] only restores the first label, as well as labels which have a non-alphabetic/underscore character on the line below them. Or so.
* Black [[Key|keys]] and [[Door|doors]]
* Inaccuracies in frequencies used by [[Play|#play]] (two rounding bugs)
* [[Conveyor]] bugs (ability to delete player, etc)
* 1024-line maximum for all [[text dialog]]<nowiki/>s (including world selector)
* Shooting changes [[step value]] of 150th stat
* Moving while paused via [[mouse movement]]
* Vertical [[blink wall]] can toss the player east on top of a wall/obstruction
* Blank lines in [[text dialog]]<nowiki/>s sometimes appear as hyperlinks
* [[Put|#put]] doesn't work on bottom row
* [[Built-in editor]] and stat deletion bugs, if we ever figure out why that one happens
* Dependencies on CPU speed for "fast" machines (e.g., [[sound effects]])
* [[Koopo bug]]
* Can't [[Send|#send]] to a [[label]] on the first line
* [[Passage]]<nowiki/>s have the potential to delete each other if they are adjacent

== ZZT itself ==

=== File formats ===

* [[World]]
* [[Board]]
* [[ZZT.DAT]]
* [[High score files]]
* Help files

=== Tile types ===
* [[Empty]]
* [[Edge]]
* [[Monitor]]
* [[Player]]
* [[Ammo]]
* [[Torch]]
* [[Gem]]
* [[Key]]
* [[Door]]
* [[Scroll]]
* [[Passage]]
* [[Duplicator]]
* [[Bomb]]
* [[Energizer]]
* [[Star]]
* [[Conveyor]]
* [[Bullet]]
* [[Water]]
* [[Forest]]
* [[Solid]]
* [[Normal]]
* [[Breakable]]
* [[Boulder]]
* [[Slider]]
* [[Fake]]
* [[Invisible]]
* [[Blink wall]]
* [[Transporter]]
* [[Line]]
* [[Ricochet]]
* [[Blink wall ray]]
* [[Bear]]
* [[Ruffian]]
* [[Object]]
* [[Slime]]
* [[Shark]]
* [[Spinning gun]]
* [[Pusher]]
* [[Lion]]
* [[Tiger]]
* [[Head]]
* [[Segment]]
* [[Text]]
=== [[ZZT-OOP]] ===
==== Prefixes/statement types ====
* [[Centered text]] ($)
* [[Object name]] (@)
* [[Command]] (#)
* [[Slash move]] (/) (Should this be combined with #[[GO]]?)
* [[Question move]] (?)
* [[Label]] (:)
* [[Comment]]/[[Zapped label]] (')
* [[Hyperlink]] (!)
==== Built-in [[Message]]s ====
* [[Touch]]
* [[Shot]]
* [[Bombed]]
* [[Thud]]
* [[Energize]]
==== Directions ====
* [[North]], [[South]], [[East]], [[West]]
* [[Idle]]
* [[Seek]]
* [[Flow]]
* [[Rndns]], [[Rndne]], [[Rnd]], [[Rndp]]
* [[Cw]], [[Ccw]], [[Opp]]
==== Built-in [[flag]]s ====
* [[Alligned]]
* [[Any]]
* [[Contact]]
* [[Blocked]]
* [[Energized]]
==== Commands ====
* [[Become]]
* [[Bind]]
* [[Change]]
* [[Char]]
* [[Clear]]
* [[Cycle]]
* [[Die]]
* [[End]]
* [[Endgame]]
* [[Give]]
* [[Go]]
* [[Idle]]
* [[If]]
* [[Lock]]
* [[Play]]
* [[Put]]
* [[Restart]]
* [[Restore]]
* [[Send]]
* [[Shoot]]
* [[Take]]
* [[Throwstar]]
* [[Try]]
* [[Unlock]]
* [[Walk]]
* [[Zap]]

Set

2021-02-12T06:39:44Z

KKairos: added example. put in mid-explanation to avoid giving impression the example pertained to using cheat prompt.

The [[ZZT-OOP]] commands '''#set''' and '''#clear''' are used to set and clear flags from the world's flag list. Flags are strings limited to 20 characters in length, and only 10 flags can be set at a time. Internally, flags are converted into uppercase when set.

When using <code>#set flag</code>, ZZT checks to see if the flag has already been set. If it has been set already, then it does not set the flag again. If the flag has not been already set, then the flag is set in the first open flag slot. If no flag slot is open, then the last flag is overwritten.

The <code>#clear flag</code> command removes the flag from the flag list, replacing it with an empty string. Given how small the flag limit is, but sure to '''#clear''' flags when you are done with them. (If the flag list has been modified in an eternal editor to have multiple flags with the same name, then the last flag with the name will be removed.)

The presence of a flag can be detected using the [[if|#if]] command.

For example:

<pre>#set flag
#if flag /e
#if not flag /w
</pre>

The object in this scenario will move east, but will not move west.

Using the <code>?</code> cheat prompt, the player can type <code>+flag</code> or <code>-flag</code> to set and clear flags.

== ''Super ZZT'' ==

In [[Super ZZT]] the flag limit has been increased to 16. Additionally, a flag prefixed with the letter "Z" can serve as the name for the [[Stones of Power]] counter. (Note that Super ZZT expects the initial "Z" to be uppercase, so keep that in mind if you choose to use an external editor to have the name of the Stones counter be mixed-case.)

{{ZZT-OOP navbox}}

Direction modifiers

2021-02-10T02:53:10Z

KKairos: code formatting!

In [[ZZT-OOP]], a direction modifier is a word that prefixes a direction to create a new direction. If you like, you may think of them (in math terms) as relations which take a given "input" direction and produce an "output." They are explained in detail below.

==cw and ccw==
'''cw''' and '''ccw''' are ZZT-OOP direction modifiers which modify the direction clockwise and counter-clockwise, respectively. For example, <code>cw n</code> evaluates to <code>e</code>, but <code>ccw n</code> evaluates to <code>w</code>.

==opp==
'''opp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which evaluates to the exact opposite of the given direction. For example, <code>opp n</code> evaluates to <code>s</code>.

==rndp==
'''rndp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which causes the object to choose a random direction perpendicular to the succeeding direction, rather than simply use the succeeding direction. For example, <code>#move rndp e</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to east, that is, randomly north or south. For more information, see [[Random directions#rndp|rndp]].

==Combining Direction Modifiers==
Multiple direction modifiers can be combined in a single line. Lines written this way will cause the object to treat each modifier as "modifying" the rest of the written direction, so that it is "evaluated" in pairs from right-to-left. As a concrete example, the following combination <code>opp cw n</code> evaluates like this:

<pre>
opp cw n
= opp (cw n)
= opp e
= w
</pre>

And <code>opp ccw rndne</code> would evaluate this way:

<pre>
opp ccw rndne
= opp (cw (randomly n or e))
= opp (randomly e or s)
= randomly w or n
</pre>

{{ZZT-OOP navbox}}

Ccw

2021-02-08T01:39:30Z

KKairos: Redirected page to Direction modifiers#cw and ccw

#REDIRECT [[Direction modifiers#cw and ccw]]

Opp

2021-02-08T01:39:09Z

KKairos: Changed redirect target from Direction modifiers#cw and ccw to Direction modifiers#opp

#REDIRECT [[Direction modifiers#opp]]

Opp

2021-02-08T01:38:56Z

KKairos: Redirected page to Direction modifiers#cw and ccw

#REDIRECT [[Direction modifiers#cw and ccw]]

Cw

2021-02-08T01:38:25Z

KKairos: Redirected page to Direction modifiers#cw and ccw

#REDIRECT [[Direction modifiers#cw and ccw]]

Direction modifiers

2021-02-08T01:36:02Z

KKairos: operation vs relation.

In [[ZZT-OOP]], a direction modifier is a word that prefixes a direction to create a new direction. If you like, you may think of them (in math terms) as relations which take a given "input" direction and produce an "output." They are explained in detail below.

==cw and ccw==
'''cw''' and '''ccw''' are ZZT-OOP direction modifiers which modify the direction clockwise and counter-clockwise, respectively. For example, <code>cw n</code> evaluates to <code>e</code>, but <code>ccw n</code> evaluates to <code>w</code>.

==opp==
'''opp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which evaluates to the exact opposite of the given direction. For example, <code>opp n</code> evaluates to <code>s</code>.

==rndp==
'''rndp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which causes the object to choose a random direction perpendicular to the succeeding direction, rather than simply use the succeeding direction. For example, <code>#move rndp e</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to east, that is, randomly north or south. For more information, see [[Random directions#rndp|rndp]].

==Combining Direction Modifiers==
Multiple direction modifiers can be combined in a single line. Lines written this way will cause the object to treat each modifier as "modifying" the rest of the written direction, so that it is "evaluated" in pairs from right-to-left. As a concrete example, the following combination <code>opp cw n</code> evaluates like this:

<code>
opp cw n 
= opp (cw n) 
= opp e 
= w
</code>

And <code>opp ccw rndne</code> would evaluate thusly:

<code>
opp ccw rndne 
= opp (cw (randomly n or e)) 
= opp (randomly e or s) 
= randomly w or n
</code>

{{ZZT-OOP navbox}}

Direction modifiers

2021-02-08T01:34:18Z

KKairos: created page on direction modifiers with attempt to explain how they work esp in combination

In [[ZZT-OOP]], a direction modifier is a word that prefixes a direction to create a new direction. If you like, you may think of them as operations which take a given "input" direction and produce an "output." They are explained in detail below.

==cw and ccw==
'''cw''' and '''ccw''' are ZZT-OOP direction modifiers which modify the direction clockwise and counter-clockwise, respectively. For example, <code>cw n</code> evaluates to <code>e</code>, but <code>ccw n</code> evaluates to <code>w</code>.

==opp==
'''opp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which evaluates to the exact opposite of the given direction. For example, <code>opp n</code> evaluates to <code>s</code>.

==rndp==
'''rndp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which causes the object to choose a random direction perpendicular to the succeeding direction, rather than simply use the succeeding direction. For example, <code>#move rndp e</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to east, that is, randomly north or south. For more information, see [[Random directions#rndp|rndp]].

==Combining Direction Modifiers==
Multiple direction modifiers can be combined in a single line. Lines written this way will cause the object to treat each modifier as "modifying" the rest of the written direction, so that it is "evaluated" in pairs from right-to-left. As a concrete example, the following combination <code>opp cw n</code> evaluates like this:

<code>
opp cw n 
= opp (cw n) 
= opp e 
= w
</code>

And <code>opp ccw rndne</code> would evaluate thusly:

<code>
opp ccw rndne 
= opp (cw (randomly n or e)) 
= opp (randomly e or s) 
= randomly w or n
</code>

{{ZZT-OOP navbox}}

Random directions

2021-02-07T04:10:49Z

KKairos: grammar

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Random directions}}
There are three '''random directions''' in [[ZZT-OOP]]: rndns, rndne, and rnd, and one random direction modifier: rndp. They are explained in detail below. rndns, rndne, and rnd are all valid directions usable with [[Direction modifiers|direction modifiers]].

==rndns==
'''rndns''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north or south during play. For example, <code>/rndns</code> will cause the object to randomly move north or south.

==rndne==
'''rndne''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north or east during play. For example, <code>#if blocked ne #send label</code> will cause the object to check whether it is blocked to the north or to the east at random, and it will #send itself to the label <code>:label</code> if it is blocked.

==rnd==
'''rnd''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north, south, east, or west during play.

Despite having all four directions in its possibility space, the possibilities are not even. East and west are chosen at 1/3 probability each, and north and south only occur at 1/6 probability each. For example, <code>#put rnd white boulder</code> will cause the object to attempt to put a white boulder on the tile randomly north, south, east, or west of itself, with east and west being twice as likely as north and south.

==rndp==
'''rndp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which causes the object to choose a random direction perpendicular to the succeeding direction, rather than simply use the succeeding direction. For example, <code>#move rndp e</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to east, that is, randomly north or south.

As a direction modifier, rndp can be combined with the three proper random directions above to make new directions. For example, <code>#go rndp rndne</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to a direction randomly chosen from north or east, that is, randomly north, south, east, or west, with equal probability of each direction being chosen.

{{ZZT-OOP navbox}}

Random directions

2021-02-07T04:09:15Z

KKairos: correction: move to go

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Random directions}}
There are three '''random directions''' in [[ZZT-OOP]]: rndns, rndne, and rnd, and one random direction modifier: rndp. They are explained in detail below. rndns, rndne, and rnd are all valid directions usable with [[Direction modifiers|direction modifiers]]

==rndns==
'''rndns''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north or south during play. For example, <code>/rndns</code> will cause the object to randomly move north or south.

==rndne==
'''rndne''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north or east during play. For example, <code>#if blocked ne #send label</code> will cause the object to check whether it is blocked to the north or to the east at random, and it will #send itself to the label <code>:label</code> if it is blocked.

==rnd==
'''rnd''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north, south, east, or west during play.

Despite having all four directions in its possibility space, the possibilities are not even. East and west are chosen at 1/3 probability each, and north and south only occur at 1/6 probability each. For example, <code>#put rnd white boulder</code> will cause the object to attempt to put a white boulder on the tile randomly north, south, east, or west of itself, with east and west being twice as likely as north and south.

==rndp==
'''rndp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which causes the object to choose a random direction perpendicular to the succeeding direction, rather than simply use the succeeding direction. For example, <code>#move rndp e</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to east, that is, randomly north or south.

As a direction modifier, rndp can be combined with the three proper random directions above to make new directions. For example, <code>#go rndp rndne</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to a direction randomly chosen from north or east, that is, randomly north, south, east, or west, with equal probability of each direction being chosen.

{{ZZT-OOP navbox}}

Rndns

2021-02-07T04:08:30Z

KKairos: Redirected page to Random directions#rndns

#REDIRECT [[Random directions#rndns]]

Rndne

2021-02-07T04:08:24Z

KKairos: redirect

#REDIRECT [[Random directions#rndne]]

Rnd

2021-02-07T04:08:14Z

KKairos: redirect

#REDIRECT [[Random directions#rnd]]

Rndp

2021-02-07T04:07:33Z

KKairos: redirect

#REDIRECT [[Random directions#rndp]]

User:KKairos

2021-02-07T03:29:10Z

KKairos: Created page with "I've made some things."

I've made some things.

Random directions

2021-02-07T01:43:48Z

KKairos: formatting mostly.

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Random directions}}
There are three '''random directions''' in [[ZZT-OOP]]: rndns, rndne, and rnd, and one random direction modifier: rndp. They are explained in detail below. rndns, rndne, and rnd are all valid directions usable with [[Direction modifiers|direction modifiers]]

==rndns==
'''rndns''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north or south during play. For example, <code>/rndns</code> will cause the object to randomly move north or south.

==rndne==
'''rndne''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north or east during play. For example, <code>#if blocked ne #send label</code> will cause the object to check whether it is blocked to the north or to the east at random, and it will #send itself to the label <code>:label</code> if it is blocked.

==rnd==
'''rnd''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north, south, east, or west during play.

Despite having all four directions in its possibility space, the possibilities are not even. East and west are chosen at 1/3 probability each, and north and south only occur at 1/6 probability each. For example, <code>#put rnd white boulder</code> will cause the object to attempt to put a white boulder on the tile randomly north, south, east, or west of itself, with east and west being twice as likely as north and south.

==rndp==
'''rndp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which causes the object to choose a random direction perpendicular to the succeeding direction, rather than simply use the succeeding direction. For example, <code>#move rndp e</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to east, that is, randomly north or south.

As a direction modifier, rndp can be combined with the three proper random directions above to make new directions. For example, <code>#move rndp rndne</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to a direction randomly chosen from north or east, that is, randomly north, south, east, or west, with equal probability of each direction being chosen.

{{ZZT-OOP navbox}}

Random directions

2021-02-07T01:40:36Z

KKairos: created page.

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Random directions}}
There are three '''random directions''' in [[ZZT-OOP]]: rndns, rndne, and rnd, and one random direction modifier: rndp. They are explained in detail below. rndns, rndne, and rnd are all valid directions usable with [[Direction modifiers|direction modifiers]]

==rndns==
'''rndns''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north or south during play.

Example: <code>/rndns</code> will cause the object to randomly move north or south.

==rndne==
'''rndne''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north or east during play.

Example: <code>#if blocked ne #send label</code> will cause the object to check whether it is blocked randomly to the north or to the east, and it will #send itself to the label <code>:label</code> if it is blocked.

==rnd==
'''rnd''' is a ZZT-OOP direction which causes the object to choose randomly from its north, south, east, or west during play.

Despite having all four directions in its possibility space, the possibilities are not even. East and west are chosen at 1/3 probability each, and north and south only occur at 1/6 probability each.

Example: <code>#put rnd white boulder</code> will cause the object to attempt to put a white boulder on the tile randomly north, south, east, or west of itself, with east and west being twice as likely as north and south.

==rndp==
'''rndp''' is a ZZT-OOP direction modifier which causes the object to choose a random direction perpendicular to the succeeding direction, rather than simply use the succeeding direction.

Examples:

<code>#move rndp e</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to east, that is, randomly north or south.
<code>#move rndp rndne</code> causes the object to attempt to move one of two directions perpendicular to a direction randomly chosen from north or east, that is, randomly north, south, east, or west, with equal probability of each direction being chosen.

{{ZZT-OOP navbox}}